Afrakhteh, H., Hajipour, M., Qalandarzehi, M. H., & Nasiri Zare, S. (2022). Spatial implications of drought and key management strategies: A case study of villages in the central district of Sib and Suran County. Natural Environment Hazards, 11(34), 179–198. [in Persian]
Almeida-García, F., Monserrat-Febrer, A., Cortés-Macías, R., & Coll-Ramis, M. À. (2025). Touristification and expansion of short-term rentals in Mediterranean destinations: The case of rural areas. Land, 14(2), Article 215.
Almeyda, A. M., Broadbent, E. N., Wyman, M. S., & Durham, W. H. (2010). Ecotourism impacts in the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(6), 750–768.
Anabestani, A. A., Giahi, H., & Javanshiri, M. (2018). Analyzing the impacts of ecolodge development on rural settlement development: A case study of Ardakan village in Chenaran County. Spatial Planning, 8(2), 1–24. [in Persian]
Asgharzadeh, S., Abbasi, E., & Chubchian, S. (2023). Tourist satisfaction and loyalty toward ecolodges in Gilan Province. Rural Development, 26(101), 167–192. [in Persian]
Baksh, R, Soemarno, T, Hakim, L & Nugroho, I, 2013. Social capital in the development of ecotourism: A case study in Tambaksari Village Pasuruan Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Basic and Applied Scientific Research 3(3), 1–7.
Baroomand, B., Kazemi, A., & Ranjbarian, B. (2018). Developing an indigenous model for measuring tourism competitiveness of Iranian tourist destinations. New Marketing Research Journal, 8(2), 105–122. [in Persian]
Bocoum, S., Manga, S. P., Sambou, A. K., & Manga, C. (2025). Tourisme rural intégré dans le Bandial (Basse Casamance/Sénégal): potentialités, apports, contraintes: cas du village d'Enampore. African Scientific Journal, 3(29).
Cater. E (2000), Ecotourism in the World: Problems and Prospect for Sustainability, New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Dearden, P. (1997) Carrying capacity and environmental aspects of ecotourism. In J. Bornemeier, M. Victor and P. Durst (eds) Ecotourism for Forest Conservation and Community Development. ProceeDings of an International Seminar, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 28–31 January. FAO/RAP Publication 1997/26, RECOFTC Report No. 15, 44–60.
Dewantara, Y. F., Facrureza, D., Hanifah, R. D., & Angelina, S. (2024). Conserving culture, staining nature: A holistic approach to tourism in Kampung Naga Tasikmalaya. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1345(1), Article 012034.
Ding, B., Li, X. M., Sun, X. H., ..., Zhang, S. P. (2016). Impacts of economic development models on ecosystem service values: A case study of three mountain villages in Middle Shandong, China. Shengtai Xuebao / Acta Ecologica Sinica, 36(12), 3825–3836.
Dvornik Perhavec, D., & Kamnik, R. (2025). From resistance to acceptance: The role of NIMBY phenomena in sustainable urban development and tourism. Sustainability, 17(3), Article 1125.
Fal Soleiman, M., Hajipour, M., & Ilkhani, M. (2023a). Watershed management plans and structural-functional transformations of rural settlements: A case study of settlements in the Chehkand watershed, Birjand County. Geography (Journal of the Iranian Geographical Association), 21(76), 157–179. [in Persian]
Fal Soleiman, M., Hajipour, M., & Karimipour, J. (2023b). Physical and spatial reflections of neoliberal policies in peri-urban settlements of Birjand. Physical Development Planning, 10(1), 73–88. [in Persian]
Fernandes, G. P., & Cravino, I. G. (2024). Ecocultural tourism: Reflections around the concept and its applicability to Aldeias de Xisto and Aldeias de Montanha in Portugal. In Achieving sustainable transformation in tourism and hospitality sectors (pp. 113–130). Routledge.
Fibrianto, A. S. (2020). Management model of ecotourism-based forest village community land to increase local economic in Karanganyar, Indonesia. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 32(2), 678–689.
Ghadiri Masoum, M., Minaei, M., & Darban Astaneh, A. R. (2020). The role of ecolodges in rural tourism development in rural areas of Khur and Biabanak County. Spatial Economics and Rural Development, 9(2), 23–42. [in Persian]
Ghasemi, M., & Hamedfar, S. (2022). Identifying challenges facing nomadic entrepreneurs: A case study of Qashqai nomads' ecolodges in Fars Province. Entrepreneurship and Innovation Research, 1(1), 63–75. [in Persian]
Graci, S. (2016). Putting Community Based Tourism into Practice: The Case of the Cree Village Ecolodge in Moose Factory, Ontario. Cahiers de tourisme, 31, 65–70.
Hashemi, H. (2020). Investigating the role of ecolodges in the cultural domain. Cultural Tourism, 3, 51–62. [in Persian]
Hatma Indra Jaya, P., Izudin, A., & Aditya, R. (2024). The role of ecotourism in developing local communities in Indonesia. Journal of Ecotourism, 23(2), 145–162.
Hawkins, D. E. (2004). A protected areas ecotourism competitive cluster approach to catalyse biodiversity conservation and economic growth in Bulgaria. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12(3), 219-244.
Hejazi, M., & Azi, Z. (2018). Examining the role of ecolodges in tourism industry development. Paper presented at the 2nd National Conference on Recent Research in Management and Law, Islamic Azad University, Kazeroon Branch, Iran. [in Persian]
Huang, M.-F., & Peng, L.-P. (2025). Participatory actions for investigating eco-craft trail activities: A case of Pinglin in Taiwan. Paddy and Water Environment, 23(2), 215–228.
Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism planning: An integrated and sustainable development approach. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Ivanova, M. (2025). Forest-based business models in cultural and creative tourism in rural and remote areas: A sustainable business model canvas approach. In WoodEMA 2025 – Wood for the future: Integrating sustainability across industries, proceeDings of scientific papers (pp. 112–125). Technical University of Sofia.
Kuo, N.-W., Huang, C.-L., & Chen, Y.-J. (2011). The eco-inn and its evaluation indicators in Taiwan. In Ecotourism: Management, development and impact (pp. 147–162). Nova Science Publishers.
Lee, TH., (2013) Environmentally Responsible Behavior of Nature-Based Tourists: Related Concepts, Measurement, and Research. J Tourism Hospit 2: e126.
doi:10.4172/2167-0269.1000e126
Li, B., Yang, F., Long, X., Liu, X., Cheng, B., & Dou, Y. (2024). The organic renewal of traditional villages from the perspective of logical space restoration and physical space adaptation: A case study of Laoche village, China. Habitat International.
Liu, J., & Song, Q. (2023). Spatial Morphology Evolution of Rural Settlements in the Lower Yellow River Plain: The Case of Menggang Town in Changyuan City, China. Land, 12(6), 1122.
Martín Martín, J. M., Guaita Martínez, J. M., & Salinas Fernández, J. A. (2018). An analysis of the factors behind the citizen’s attitude of rejection towards tourism in a context of overtourism and economic dependence on this activity. Sustainability, 10(8), 2851.
Martins, P., & Correia, A. (2024). Beyond Sun and sand: How the Algarve Region is pioneering innovative sustainable practices in tourism. In From overtourism to sustainability governance: A new tourism era (pp. 45–62). Springer.
Matar, S. (2025). Exploring the ecomuseum paradigm for sustaining Siwa’s cultural heritage amid climate change. Tourism, Hospitality and Event Management, 7(1), 33–49.
Mazur, A., & Kurowska, K. (2025). The impact of natural and cultural resources on the development of rural tourism: A case study of Dobre Miasto Municipality in Poland. Sustainability, 17(2), Article 743.
McNeely, J. A., Thorsell, J. W., & Ceballos-Lascuráin, H. (2002). Rahnamaye amade-sazi-ye park-haye melli va mantaghe-ye hefazat-shode baraye turism [Guide to preparing national parks and protected areas for tourism] (H. Majnounian, Trans.). Environmental Protection Organization. (Original work published 1998) [in Persian]
Moeljadi, Pramono, S., & Yuniarsa, S. O. (2018). Exploring of coastal communities and economic empowerment to the environment impact in maritime. International Journal of Management and Business Research, 8(3), 215–228.
Mohammadi Garafmi, A., Amar, T., & Qorashi Minabad, M. B. (2022). Analyzing the role of ecolodges in the rural economy of Rasht County. Land Geographical Engineering, 6(2), 487–505. [in Persian]
Moududi Arkhodi, M., Izadbakhsh, M., & Najafi Arkhodi, E. (2020). Identifying factors affecting tourist loyalty to ecolodges: A case study of selected ecolodges in South Khorasan. Geography and Regional Development, 18(2), 139–168. [in Persian]
Moududi Arkhodi, M., & Ferdowsi, S. (2021). Explaining the role of ecotourism in rural community development: A case study of Afin village. Scientific Journal of Geographical Explorations of Desert Regions, 9(1), 1–25. [in Persian]
Nthiga, R. W., Van der Duim, R., Visseren-Hamakers, I. J., & Lamers, M. (2015). Tourism-conservation enterprises for community livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in Kenya. Development Southern Africa, 32(5), 630–645.
Pourtaheri, M., Torabi, Z.-A., Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R., Sajadi, S., & Hall, C. M. (2024). Ecolodge tourism dynamics: A village-level analysis of marketing and policy indicators in Iran's Hawraman Region. Sustainability, 16(12), Article 5072.
Presutti, M., Barbini, F. M., & Presti, V. L. (2024). Village tourism balances brand identity and sustainability in Montegridolfo. In Destination branDing and bias in ecotourism (pp. 89–107). Springer.
Rebecca, Ch., Rose, B., & Bor, T., (2015). Eco-Lodges, a Future for Sustainable Tourism in Kenya, Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Sports, 8, 37-41.
Risfandini, A., Yulianto, I., & Wan-Zainal-Shukri, W.-H. (2023). Local community empowerment for sustainable tourism development: A case study of EdelWeiss Park Wonokitri Village. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18(5), 1123–1135.
Shaw, G., & Williams, A. (2004). Tourism and tourism spaces. SAGE Publications.
Soszyński, D., Kociuba, P., & Tucki, A. (2024). Sustainable spatial development of multifunctional villages: A case study of Eastern Poland. Sustainability, 16(5), Article 1892.
Soszyński, D., Sowińska-Świerkosz, B., Stokowski, P. A., & Tucki, A. (2018). Spatial arrangements of tourist villages: Implications for the integration of residents and tourists. Tourism Geographies, 20(5), 803–825.
Sun, P., Ge, D., Yuan, Z., & Lu, Y. (2024). Rural revitalization mechanism based on spatial governance in China: A perspective on development rights. Habitat International.
Toulaei, S. (2007). An overview of the tourism industry (1st ed.). Tarbiat Moallem University Press. [in Persian]
Uyar Oğuz, H., & Aslan, A. (2026). Redesigning rural space through smart ecotourism villages: A model proposal based on TOE theory. Cities, 144, Article 105032.
Wallace, G. N., & Pierce, S. M. (1996). An evaluation of ecotourism in Amazon, Brazil. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(3), 85-105.
Weiss, A., Borris, J., & Kol, T. (2024). Eco lodges and their effects on local communities and the environment in developing countries. In Advances in hospitality, tourism and the travel industry (pp. 65–80). IGI Global.
Xing, D., Cai, T., Li, X., Dong, S., Hu, H., Lei, Y., Cao, Y., & Wu, R. (2025). The Process, Mechanism, and Effects of Rural “Production-Living-Ecological” Functions Transformation: A Case Study of Caiwu Village in YuanYang County, China. Land, 14(9), 1891.
Yan, S., & Chen, C. (2018). The Spatial Transformation of Traditional Rural Villages Driven by Private Investment in China’s Developed Areas: The Case of Daxi Village, Anji County. Journal of Regional and City Planning, 29(2), 156–168.
Yazdanshenas, M., & Mousavi, S. H. (2025). Assessing the impact of ecolodges on sustainable tourism economy in Tireh City. Green Development Management Studies, 4(1), 1–22. [in Persian]
Zambrano, A. M. A., Broadbent, E. N., & Durham, W. H. (2010). Social and environmental effects of ecotourism in the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica: The Lapa Rios case. Journal of Ecotourism, 9(3), 241–260.
Zhang, C., & Chen, J. (2023). Spatial Morphology Optimization of Rural Planning Based on Space of Flow: An Empirical Study of Zepan Village in China. Land, 12(4), 841.
Zhang, W., Zhu, X., He, S., & Yan, Y. (2024). Spatial production of Chengdu Bamboo Craft Village in "post-rural" context: From the perspective of three-fold model of rural space. Tropical Geography, 44(3), 401–414.
