The tourism industry, as a fundamental pillar of the global economy, faces increasing challenges in the realm of knowledge management and the optimization of supply chain performance. This study investigates the impact of information technology competencies and social capital on knowledge management and supply chain performance within the tourism sector. Utilizing a descriptive methodology and a questionnaire tool, data were collected from 384 managers and experts actively engaged in the tourism industry in Tehran. The findings indicate that information technology competencies serve as a crucial tool in facilitating the collection and analysis of data. Furthermore, social capital acts as a vital resource for establishing effective communication and trust within the supply chain, significantly enhancing knowledge management and, consequently, supply chain performance. Path analysis confirms that social capital facilitates information flow and enhances collaboration by strengthening relationships among supply chain members. This process ultimately leads to improved performance in the tourism supply chain. The results also suggest that knowledge management serves as a mediating variable, playing a key role in reinforcing the positive impacts of information technology competencies and social capital on supply chain performance. Therefore, this study underscores the necessity for investment in technological capabilities and the strengthening of social networks within the tourism industry, enabling organizations to achieve a knowledge-driven and innovative supply chain.